Quality control matters in every occupation, but it’s especially important in welding. In fields like construction or automotive repair, faulty welds can have potentially dangerous consequences. In welding school, you’ll learn how to prevent welding cracks and create strong, reliable welds. Here’s a quick rundown on the common causes of welding cracks and what can be done to prevent them.
Welding Cracks and What Causes Them
Welding cracks can occur for several reasons, and due to issues at multiple points in the process. To be able to prevent cracks, it’s helpful to be aware of potential problems that could cause them. Some common types of welding cracks include:
- Hot cracks. A hot crack will typically form in the center of the weld. They occur at high temperatures, as the weld solidifies.
- Cold cracks. Poor choice of welding material or residual stress can cause a crack to develop after the weld has cooled down.
- Crater cracks. If the weld cools too quickly, you might see small cracks form at the end of the weld bead. These are known as crater cracks.
- Transverse cracks. A crack running perpendicular to the weld is known as a transverse crack. This might occur if there is shrinkage stress at the joint.
The presence of any crack may impact the structural integrity of the weld. Because of this, it’s important to address the crack as soon as it’s noticed. Understanding the type of crack and what may have caused it can help you address the issue and identify whether other recent welds may also require attention.
Here are the most common causes of welding cracks and how to address them:
- Poor environmental conditions. Pre-heat the base metal to control cooling and prevent cracks caused by low temperatures or excess humidity.
- Residual stress. Use post-welding heat treatment to reduce material stress and prevent cracks. Careful temperature control is essential.
- Poor material choice. Low-hydrogen filler metals such as H4/H8 can reduce the likelihood of cracks. Choose materials low in sulfur, phosphorus and other impurities if possible to prevent hot cracking.
- Poor welding technique. Use back-stepping and weaving techniques to prevent crater cracks. Make sure the materials are clean before you start, and choose a joint appropriate for the situation. For example, bevel joints allow for more filler metal and stronger welds.
How Welding School Prepares You for a Career as a Welder
The ETI welding program helps people learn the skills required for a variety of welding jobs. Our welding school is equipped with the tools and materials required to give you the chance to get hands-on experience with SMAW, GMAW, GTAW and Oxy-Fuel Cutting processes.
It’s possible to complete the program in 7 months, and we have an employer-graduate match process that helps graduates enter employment after completing the program.
If you’re looking for a career in the welding industry, enroll on the ETI welding program today. We’ll teach you everything you need to enter the workforce as a confident and skilled welder.
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